Jewish American Heritage Month

Posted By admin on January 21, 2023

B'nai B'rith Beber Camp is a 340-acre campground in Mukwonago, Wisconsin. Formerly known as Burr Oaks prior to B'nai B'rith's acquisition on 17 May 1976, it was named in honor of Sam Beber, the founder of Aleph Zadik Aleph, in August of that year as B'nai B'rith Beber Camp.[1]

For years, there has been a camp for young campers at B'nai B'rith Beber Camp.[citation needed]

As BBYO was expanding its leadership training programs in the summer at B'nai B'rith Perlman Camp in the 1970s, they sought a new location for a new two-week program that would make the experience long enough to be meaningful and short enough to hold down costs for the participants.[2] With this new program, BBYO would hope to re-emphasize its strong trend toward in-depth training in leadership skills and in Judaism.[2]

Because of increasing and maximum enrollment at BBPC, the new Chapter Leadership Training Program began at B'nai B'rith Beber Camp in 1977 (BBBC),[3] its name later changing to Chapter Leadership Training Conference (CLTC). 1980 marked the first year that CLTC expanded to two sessions,[4] eventually growing into more.

Coordinates: 425008N 882313W / 42.83556N 88.38694W / 42.83556; -88.38694

Read the rest here:
B'nai B'rith Beber Camp - Wikipedia

Category: B'nai B'rith | Comments Off on B’nai B’rith Beber Camp – Wikipedia
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 21, 2023

The Holocaust was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its allies and collaborators. The Holocaust was an evolving process that took place throughout Europe between 1933 and 1945.

The Holocaust is also sometimes referred to as the Shoah, the Hebrew word for catastrophe. It affected nearly all of Europes Jewish population, which in 1933 numbered 9 million people.

When they came to power in Germany, the Nazis did not immediately start to carry out mass murder. However, they quickly began using the government to target and exclude Jews from German society.The regime persecuted other groups because of politics, ideology, or behavior. The Nazis claimed thatRoma,people with disabilities, some Slavic peoples (especiallyPolesandRussians), andBlack peoplewere biologically inferior.Other persecuted groups included Communists, Socialists, Jehovahs Witnesses, gay men, and people the Nazis called asocials and professional criminals.

The Treaty of Versailles ending World War I is presented to Germany. Among its provisions, the treaty forces Germany to accept responsibility for the war and commit to enormous reparation payments a humiliation seen as setting the stage for the rise of Adolf Hitler and his promise to restore German greatness.

Hitler declares the reformulation of the Nazi Party and installs himself as leader in a declaration at the Munich beer hall where he led an aborted coup against the German government in 1923.

The Nazis assume control of Germany with Hitlers appointment as chancellor.FROM THE JTA ARCHIVE (1933): Hitler Sworn in as German Chancellor

A day after a fire in the Reichstag, Germanys parliament building, German President Paul Von Hindenburg approves the Reichstag Fire Decree, an emergency decree that suspends individual rights and due process of law.THE JTA ARCHIVE (1933): Police Aided By Nazis Search Central Union Premises After Reichstag Fire

The SS, a Nazi paramilitary group, establishes the first concentration camp to incarcerate political prisoners near the town of Dachau.THE JTA ARCHIVE (1933): Jewish Lawyer Tortured by Nazis in Concentration Camp

Nazi leadership stages an economic boycott targeting Jewish-owned businesses and the offices of Jewish professionals.JTA ARCHIVE (1933): Nazi Communique Announces Boycott of Jewish Businesses Throughout Country

The German parliament (Reichstag) passes the Nuremberg Laws, institutionalizing many of the Nazis racial theories and providing the legal grounds for the persecution of Jews in Germany.Read the full text here.

The Summer Olympic Games open in Berlin, providing the Nazi government with a major propaganda success by enabling it to present itself as a respectable member of the international community.

Germany invades Austria and incorporates it into the German Reich, provoking a wave of street violence against Jews in Vienna.JTA ARCHIVE (1938): Anschluss Proclaimed in Plebiscite

The Munich agreement is signed, ceding the Sudetenland, a region in Czechoslovakia with a large ethnic German population, to Germany and prompting British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to declare the achievement of peace for our time.JTA ARCHIVE (1938): Munich Pact Abandons Minorities to Nazi Terror

A night of violent anti-Jewish pogroms known as Kristallnacht results in the destruction of hundreds of synagogues, the looting of thousands of Jewish-owned businesses and the deaths of nearly 100 Jews. The event, which was followed by the promulgation of dozens of anti-Jewish laws, is considered a turning point in the persecution of German Jewry.JTA ARCHIVE: 25,000 Jews Under Arrest in Wake of Worst Pogrom in Modern German History, 4 Dead

The first Kindertransport, a program for bringing child refugees out of Nazi Germany, arrives in Great Britain, bringing some 200 Jewish children from a Berlin orphanage destroyed on Kristallnacht. Thousands of refugee children would be brought to England aboard such transports between 1938 and 1940.JTA ARCHIVE (1999): Former Kindertransport Refugees Gather for a Last Full-Scale Reunion

The ocean liner St. Louis departs Hamburg, Germany and heads toward Cuba carrying 900 passengers, nearly all of them Jews fleeing Nazi Germany. The boat is denied entry to Cuba and later the United States, forcing it to return to Europe. Some were taken in by the United Kingdom, while the others were allowed into Western European countries that would later be occupied by the Nazis. Two hundred and fifty-four of the passengers would eventually be murdered in the Holocaust.

Germany invades Poland, setting off World War II. Britain and France responded with a declaration of war two days later.

Germany begins its invasion of France, the Netherlands and Belgium. The Netherlands and Belgium surrender in May, and Paris is occupied on June 14. In a June 22 armistice agreement, Germany is given control of northern France, while the collaborationist French Vichy government controls the south.JTA ARCHIVE (1940): Jews Fleeing France as Hitler Dictates Armistice Terms

Germany establishes the Auschwitz concentration camp, the largest facility of its kind built by the Nazis, about 43 miles west of Krakow, Poland.

German authorities order the Warsaw ghetto sealed. It is the largest ghetto in both area and population, confining more than 350,000 Jews (about 30 percent of the citys population) in an area of about 1.3 square miles.

Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa. German mobile units of Security Police and SD (Nazi intelligence) officials, called Einsatzgruppen, identify, round up and murder Jews, carrying out mass shootings during the last week of June 1941.

JTA ARCHIVE (1941): 500,000 Jews in Path of Nazi Forces Invading RussiaJTA ARCHIVE (1941): Nazis Launch Radio Drive, Urge Russian Troops to Turn Bayonets on Jews

All Jews over the age of six residing in territories under German control are required to wear a yellow Star of David with the word Jew inscribed within it on their outer clothing.

JTA ARCHIVE (1941): Jews in Reich Start New Year by Wearing Yellow Stars

Japan launches a surprise attack on the United States Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor, prompting the United States to enter World War II.

JTA ARCHIVE (1941): Hebrew U President Judah L. Magnes Cables FDR Day After Pearl Harbor to Offer Service

The Wannsee Conference convenes in a villa outside Berlin. Plans to coordinate a final solution to the Jewish question are presented to leading German and Nazi officials.

Some 925,000 Jews and an unknown number of Poles, Roma and Soviet prisoners wouldbe murdered there.JTA ARCHIVE(1943): Nazis Suffocate Jews in Groups of 500 in Special Steam Chambers

For nearly a month, small groups of Jews fought the larger and better armed German forces before finally being defeated.JTA ARCHIVE (April 30, 1943): Jews in Warsaw Ghetto Ask for Food and Arms to Continue ResistanceJTA ARCHIVE (May 16, 1943): Nazis Burn Down 200 Houses in Warsaw Ghetto, Execute Jewish Hostages

With help from resistance fighters and ordinary citizens, some 7,200 Danish Jews began their escape to neutral Sweden.JTA ARCHIVE (1943): Fishermen Establish Regular Ferry Service for Refugees Between Denmark and Sweden

Germany occupies Hungary. Less than two months later, the deportation of 440,000 Hungarian Jews, mostly to Auschwitz, begins.JTA ARCHIVE (1944): Jewish Shops in Budapest Looted, Jews Flee Homes, Seek Escape from Hungary

Jews arriving at Auschwitz in 1944. (German National Archive/Wikimedia Commons)Prisoners at Auschwitz rebel and the Germans crush the uprising, killing nearly 250 prisoners during the fighting.

With Soviet forces advancing, Germany begins, on Jan. 17, the final evacuation of Auschwitz, marching nearly 60,000 west toward Germany in what became known as death marches. Anyone who fell behind or could not continue was shot. Ten days later, Soviet forces entered the camp and liberated the remaining 7,000 prisoners.

With Soviet forces nearing his command bunker in central Berlin, Adolf Hitler commits suicide.JTA ARCHIVE (1945): Moscow Jews Rejoice at News of Hitlers Death

Germany surrenders unconditionally to the Allies. armed forces surrender unconditionally in the west. Victory in Europe, V-E Day, is proclaimed the next day.JTA ARCHIVE (1945): German Refugee Captain Acts as Interpreter as Nazis in Italy Surrender

An international tribunal in Nuremberg charges 21 Nazi leaders with crimes against humanity. Twelve Nazis would eventually be sentenced to death.

JTA ARCHIVE: Leaders Nervous as Allied Prosecutors at Nuremberg Trial List Crimes Against Jews

A mob of Polish soldiers, police officers and civilians murder at least 42 Jews and injure over 40 in the Polish town of Kielce, an event that convinces many Holocaust survivors that they have no future in Poland and must emigrate to Palestine or elsewhere.

An Israeli court convicts Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann, following a highly publicized trial. Eichmann is executed on June 15, 1962.

JTA ARCHIVE (1961): Eichmann Found Guilty, Reading of Judgment to Conclude Tomorrow

Adapted with permission from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

Empower your Jewish discovery, daily

See the article here:

A Timeline of the Holocaust | My Jewish Learning

Category: Holocaust | Comments Off on A Timeline of the Holocaust | My Jewish Learning
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 18, 2023

A new film brings to life the largest single work of art created by a Jew during the Holocaust  JTA News - Jewish Telegraphic Agency

More here:

A new film brings to life the largest single work of art created by a Jew during the Holocaust - JTA News - Jewish Telegraphic Agency

Category: Jew | Comments Off on A new film brings to life the largest single work of art created by a Jew during the Holocaust – JTA News – Jewish Telegraphic Agency
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 12, 2023

Rise of the Western Armenian Diaspora in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire by Dr. Henry Shapiro  Armenian News by MassisPost

The rest is here:

Rise of the Western Armenian Diaspora in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire by Dr. Henry Shapiro - Armenian News by MassisPost

Category: Diaspora | Comments Off on Rise of the Western Armenian Diaspora in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire by Dr. Henry Shapiro – Armenian News by MassisPost
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 12, 2023

Shapiro to be sworn-in on three Bibles with deep meaning to him, Jewish faithful  PennLive

Read more:

Shapiro to be sworn-in on three Bibles with deep meaning to him, Jewish faithful - PennLive

Category: Jewish | Comments Off on Shapiro to be sworn-in on three Bibles with deep meaning to him, Jewish faithful – PennLive
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 12, 2023

Judaism is more than an abstract intellectual system, though there have been many efforts to view it systematically. It affirms divine sovereignty disclosed in creation (nature) and in history, without necessarily insisting uponbut at the same time not rejectingmetaphysical speculation about the divine. It insists that the community has been confronted by the divine not as an abstraction but as a person with whom the community and its members have entered into a relationship. It is, as the concept of Torah indicates, a program of human action, rooted in this personal confrontation. Further, the response of this particular people to its encounter with God is viewed as significant for all humankind. The community is called upon to express its loyalty to God and the covenant by exhibiting solidarity within its corporate life on every level, including every aspect of human behaviour, from the most public to the most private. Thus, even Jewish worship is a communal celebration of the meetings with God in history and in nature. Yet the particular existence of the covenant people is thought of not as contradicting but rather as enhancing human solidarity. This people, together with all humanity, is called upon to institute political, economic, and social forms that will affirm divine sovereignty. This task is carried out in the belief not that humans will succeed in these endeavours solely by their own efforts but that these sought-after human relationships have their source and their goal in God, who assures their actualization. Within the community, each Jew is called upon to realize the covenant in his or her personal intention and behaviour.

In considering the basic affirmations of Judaism from this point of view, it is best to allow indigenous formulations rather than systematic statements borrowed from other traditions to govern the presentation.

An early statement of basic beliefs and doctrines about God emerged in the liturgy of the synagogue some time during the last pre-Christian and first Christian centuries; there is some evidence to suggest that such formulations were not absent from the Temple cult that came to an end in the year 70 ce. A section of the siddur that focuses on the recitation of a series of biblical passages (Deuteronomy 6:49; Deuteronomy 11:1321; Numbers 15:3741) is named for the first of these, Shema (Hear): Hear, O Israel! the Lord is our God, the Lord alone (or the Lord our God, the Lord is one). In the Shemaoften regarded as the Jewish confession of faith, or creedthe biblical material and accompanying benedictions are arranged to provide a statement about Gods relationship with the world and Israel (the Jewish people), as well as about Israels obligations toward and response to God. In this statement, Godthe creator of the universe who has chosen Israel in love (Blessed art thou, O Lord, who has chosen thy people Israel in love) and showed this love by the giving of Torahis declared to be one. His love is to be reciprocated by those who lovingly obey Torah and whose obedience is rewarded and rebellion punished. The goal of this obedience is Gods redemption of Israel, a role foreshadowed by his action in bringing Israel out of Egypt.

At the centre of this liturgical formulation of belief is the concept of divine singularity and uniqueness. In its original setting, it may have served as the theological statement of the reform under Josiah, king of Judah, in the 7th century bce, when worship was centred exclusively in Jerusalem and all other cultic centres were rejected, so that the existence of one shrine only was understood as affirming one deity. The idea acquired further meaning, however. It was understood toward the end of the pre-Christian era to proclaim the unity of divine love and divine justice, as expressed in the divine names YHWH and Elohim, respectively. A further expansion of this affirmation is found in the first two benedictions of this liturgical section, which together proclaim that the God who is the creator of the universe and the God who is Israels ruler and lawgiver are one and the sameas opposed to the dualistic religious positions of the Greco-Roman world, which insisted that the creator God and the lawgiver God are separate and even inimical. This affirmation was developed in philosophical and mystical terms by both medieval and modern thinkers.

This creed, or confession of faith, underscores in the first benediction the relation of God to the world as that of creator to creation. Blessed art thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, who forms light and creates darkness, who makes peace and creates all things. It adds the assertion that his activity is not in the past but is ongoing and continuous, for he makes new continually, each day, the work of creation; thus, unlike the deity of the Stoic worldview, he remains actively present in nature (see Stoicism). This creed also addresses the ever-present problem of theodicy (see also evil, problem of). Paraphrasing Isaiah 45:7, I form the light and create darkness; I make peace, and create evil, it changes the last word to all (or all things). The change was clearly made to avoid the implication that God is the source of moral evil. Judaism, however, did not ignore the problem of pain and suffering in the world; it affirmed the paradox of suffering and divine sovereignty, of pain and divine providence, refusing to accept the concept of a God that is Lord over only the harmonious and pleasant aspects of reality.

The second and the third benedictions deal with divine activity within the realm of history and human life. God is the teacher of all humanity; he has chosen the people of Israel in love to witness to his presence and his desire for a perfected society; he will, as redeemer, enable humanity to experience that perfection. These activities, together with creation itself, are understood to express divine compassion and kindness as well as justice (judgment), recognizing the sometimes paradoxical relation between them. Taken together, they disclose Divine ProvidenceGods continual activity in the world. The constant renewal of creation (nature) is itself an act of compassion overriding strict justice and affording humankind further opportunity to fulfill the divinely appointed obligation.

The basically moral nature of God is asserted in the second of the biblical passages that form the core of this liturgical statement (Deuteronomy 11:1321). Here, in the language of its agricultural setting, the community is promised reward for obedience and punishment for disobedience. The intention of the passage is clear: obedience is rewarded by the preservation of order, so that the community and its members find wholeness in life; while disobediencerebellion against divine sovereigntyshatters order, so that the community is overwhelmed by adversity. The passage of time has made the original language unsatisfactory (promising rain, crops, and fat cattle), but the basic principle remains, affirming that, however difficult it is to recognize the fact, there is a divine law and judge. Support for this affirmation is drawn from the third biblical passage (Numbers 15:3741), which explains that the fringes the Israelites are commanded to wear on the corners of their garments are reminders to observe the commandments of God, who brought forth Israel from Egyptian bondage. The theme of divine redemption is elaborated in the concluding benediction to point toward a future in which the as-yet-fragmentary rule of God will be brought to completion: Blessed is his name whose glorious kingdom is for ever and ever.

Within this complex of ideas, other themes are interwoven. In the concept of the divine creator there is a somewhat impersonal or remote qualityof a power above and apart from the worldwhich is emphasized by expressions such as the trifold declaration of Gods holiness, or divine otherness, in Isaiah 6:3: Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts. The development of surrogate divine names for biblical usage, as well as the substitution of Adonai (my Lord) for the tetragrammaton (YHWH) in the reading of the Bible itself, suggests an acute awareness of the otherness of God. Yet the belief in the transcendence of God is mirrored by the affirmation of Gods immanence. In the biblical narrative it is God himself who is the directly active participant in events, an idea that is emphasized in the liturgical narrative (Haggada; Storytelling) recited during the Passover meal (seder): and the Lord brought us forth out of Egyptnot by an angel, and not by a seraph, and not by a messenger. The surrogate divine name Shekhina, Presence (i.e., the presence of God in the world), is derived from a Hebrew root meaning to dwell, again calling attention to divine nearness. The relationship between these two affirmations, otherness and nearness, is expressed in a Midrashic statement, in every place that divine awesome majesty is mentioned in Scripture, divine abasement is spoken of, too.

Closely connected with these ideas is the concept of divine personhood, most particularly illustrated in the use of the pronoun thou in direct address to God. The community and the individual, confronted by the creator, teacher, and redeemer, address the divine as a living person, not as a theological abstraction. The basic liturgical form, the berakha (blessing), is usually couched in the second person singular: Blessed art thou. This relationship, through which remoteness is overcome and presentness is established, illuminates creation, Torah, and redemption, for it reveals the meaning of love. From it flow the various possibilities of expressing the divine-human relationship in personal, intimate language. Sometimes, especially in mystical thought, such language becomes extravagant, foreshadowed by vivid biblical metaphors such as the husband-wife relation in Hosea, the adoption motif in Ezekiel 16, and the firstborn-son relation in Exodus 4:22. Nonetheless, although terms of personal intimacy are used widely to express Israels relationship with God, such usage is restrained by the accompanying sense of divine otherness. This is evident in the liturgical blessings, where, following the direct address to God in which the second person singular pronoun is used, the verbs are with great regularity in the third person singular, thus providing the requisite tension between nearness and otherness, between the personal and the impersonal.

The Judaic affirmations about God have not always been given the same emphasis, nor have they been understood in the same way. This was true in the Middle Ages, among both philosophers and mystics, as well as in modern times. In the 19th century, western European Jewish thinkers attempted to express and transform these affirmations in terms of German philosophical idealism. Later thinkers turned to philosophical naturalism, supplemented with the traditional God language, as the suitable expression of Judaism. In the first half of the 20th century the meaningfulness of the whole body of such affirmations was called into question by the philosophical school of logical positivism. The destruction of six million Jews in the Holocaust raised the issue of the validity of concepts such as Gods presence in history, divine redemption, the covenant, and the chosen people.

Go here to read the rest:

Judaism - Basic beliefs and doctrines | Britannica

Category: Judaism | Comments Off on Judaism – Basic beliefs and doctrines | Britannica
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 12, 2023

ADL reports increase in hate and extremism in online games, gaming industry responds  FOX13 Memphis

Read this article:
ADL reports increase in hate and extremism in online games, gaming industry responds - FOX13 Memphis

Category: Anti-Defamation League | Comments Off on ADL reports increase in hate and extremism in online games, gaming industry responds – FOX13 Memphis
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 12, 2023

1. Netanyahus Judicial Overhaul Proposal Sets Off Fury in Israel  The New York Times
2. Hayut accuses government of launching unrestrained attack on the justice system  The Times of Israel
3. In fiery speech, Hayut says judicial shakeup plan fatal blow to Israeli democracy  The Times of Israel

Excerpt from:

Netanyahus Judicial Overhaul Proposal Sets Off Fury in Israel - The New York Times

Category: Israel | Comments Off on Netanyahus Judicial Overhaul Proposal Sets Off Fury in Israel – The New York Times
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 12, 2023

British parliament member booted from Conservative Party after comparing COVID-19 vaccination to Holocaust  JTA News - Jewish Telegraphic Agency

Visit link:

British parliament member booted from Conservative Party after comparing COVID-19 vaccination to Holocaust - JTA News - Jewish Telegraphic Agency

Category: Holocaust | Comments Off on British parliament member booted from Conservative Party after comparing COVID-19 vaccination to Holocaust – JTA News – Jewish Telegraphic Agency
Tags:

Posted By admin on January 10, 2023

The US and the Holocaust: BBC release date of Ken Burns Second World War documentary - how many episodes?  NationalWorld

See the rest here:

The US and the Holocaust: BBC release date of Ken Burns Second World War documentary - how many episodes? - NationalWorld

Category: Shoah | Comments Off on The US and the Holocaust: BBC release date of Ken Burns Second World War documentary – how many episodes? – NationalWorld
Tags: