Jewish American Heritage Month

Posted By admin on March 10, 2021

In February, anti-racism protesters marched the streets of Grosse Pointe Park, roiled by a symbol of overt bigotry and white supremacy targeting the family of one of their Black neighbors. JeDonna Dinges was living in the city for 11 years before her neighbor displayed a Ku Klux Klan flag in full view of herhome.

For the most part, everybodys pretty friendly, Dinges tells WDET. Grosse Pointe Park has had its fair share of racially charged incidents. There have been some things that have happened in the schools, some things that happened with the police department. Some things that happened after Trump waselected.

But nothing as significant as what were dealing with right now, adds the owner of Margaux and Max, a boutique inFerndale.

Courtesy of JeDonna Dinges

Earlier this year, Dinges found a full gas can in her recycling bin. Suspecting her 31-year-old neighbor, Dinges reported the incident to the Grosse Pointe Park police, who dismissed the incident shortly after the call. Weeks later,she could see the KKK flag from the side of her home, displayed prominently to cover herneighbors window. The red flag has a white circle in which the words Indivisible Empire, Ku Klux Klan surround a blood drop cross, an active hate symbol according to the Anti-DefamationLeague.

For the past century, the primary symbol related to Ku Klux Klan groups (other than Klan robes themselves) is what Klan members may call the MIOAK (an acronym for Mystic Insignia of a Klansman,)the ADLstates.

Many Klansmen came to believe that their symbol was a cross and that the blood droprepresented blood shed to protect the whiterace.

The Klan is one of thelongest enduring white-supremacist groups in the United States, emerging after the Civil War,with a long-chronicled history of murder and brutalization of Black Americans. The group is also responsible for attacks against Jews, immigrants and LGBTQpeople.

The display of the KKK flag drew the condemnation of elected officials, community groupsand residents, who rallied in support of the Dinges family, pointing to other racial deficiencies in the five Grosse Pointecommunities.

This isnt the first time something like this has happened, but the difference is this time, more than just Black people felt like it was unacceptable, State Senator Adam Hollier (D-Detroit) said at a February 21 pressconference.

The only way these things will change is when we all recognize that our laws have to change, headded.

Grosse Pointe Park has a population of about 11,050 and is 86% white and 8% African American, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. The population of Black Grosse Pointe Park residents has declined 2.5% between 2010 and 2019, according to the Southeast Michigan Council ofGovernments.

If there had been someone Black working in that police department, maybe they could have impartedsome wisdom. Maybe some historical significance around a Black person finding gasoline on their propertyand then four weeks later, finding a Klan flag. Those two things go together.- JeDonnaDinges

Young Black people have accounted for most of Grosse Pointe Parks arrests in the last decade. African Americans were arrested for 63% of the citys 164 property crimes in 2019, according to the incident-based reporting from the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Over the last three years, most offenders were between 10 and 19yearsold.

Since the city was founded in 1950 71 years ago there has never been a Black or brown person patrolling the streets of Grosse Pointe Park, said Greg Bowens, a writer and co-founder of the Grosse Pointes-Harper Woods NAACP Branch, in February. These policies that have developed over time have had the effect of discriminating against traditionally marginalized Black and brown people andwomen.

Courtesy of JeDonna Dinges

The Grosse Pointe community shows their support forJeDonnaDinges.

Grosse Pointe Park is considering candidates to direct the citys public safety department, which includes the police and fire departments. Bowens suggested revising the citys police hiring practices to follow Detroits qualification standards, which would lower the minimum age from 21 to 18yearsold. Grosse Pointe Park also requires officers to have an associates degree and states a preference for applicants who have other emergency servicelicenses.

I think its time that the status quo changes, Bowenssaid.

The incident is a stress test for hate speech in Michigan and the enduring protection of the First Amendment.Prosecutors in Wayne County declined to pursue thecase.

The KKK flag, while intending to be visible to Ms. Dinges, was hanginginside of herneighbors house. We could not even begin to chargeEthnicIntimidation under current Michigan law, Wayne County Prosecutor Kym Worthy said in astatement.

There is absolutely no question that what happened to Ms. Dinges was despicable, traumatizing, and completely unacceptable I strongly encourage the Michigan Legislature to look, revise, and create laws to protect citizens from this kind of horribleconduct.

While the decision upset JeDonna Dinges, shes been turning her attention to other injustices in Michigan, hoping that her experience will encourage others to speak out against their owndiscrimination.

I saw this story about this young lady living in Livingston County who is 18years old, a senior in high school, who is being terrorized at school because she is a Black girl in a predominately white neighborhood, Dinges explained. Im glad that she finally spoke up. I ended up calling the Michigan Department of Civil Rights when I heard about the case. It wasnt on theirradar.

Because this happened to me, they knew who I was. If this gives me a voice to be able to help somebody else, then its worthit.

WDETs Eli Newman spoke with JeDonna Dinges to talk about the incident. Read excerpts, edited for clarity,below:

Newman: When did you start to notice your neighborsbehavior?

Dinges:I would characterize him as anti-social. We knew that there was something really off and dangerous about him about five or six years ago. He went out on his back porch and had a gun and began to shoot the gun into the air, firing multiple rounds. Of course, I called 911. The police dispatcher answered and told me that I was mistaken and that I wasnt seeing what I was seeing,that the gunshots were coming from Detroit. And I said, No, its my neighbor nextdoor.

In January, my ex-husband goes out to put the recycling in the bin and finds a gas can, smells it, realizes its [full of] gas, then we call the police. The police come out. And they asked me, How did I know how it got there?I told them I did not. They made a couple of, what I think are insane assertions. Someone had to place it there. And they asked me if I had any suspicions. I told them, I thought that it was a neighbor next door. But they ended up suggesting that I get a camera. So we put the camera there and about four weeks later, my ex-husband goes outside to take the trash out and sees the flag in the window and comes in and tells me theres a Klan flag in thewindow.

And what did you take the displaying of the KKK flag tomean?

That I can kill you. I can harm you. I am a member of the Ku Klux Klan, who has lynched. Anorganization that is terrorized and killed hundreds of Black people throughout history.I took it as athreat.

Courtesy of JeDonna Dinges

Because of the way that the Grosse Pointe Park Police Department handled the situation with the gas can I did not feel confident that they were going to do anything about the flag.So I called the attorney generals office and they told me there was nothing that they could do because of his First Amendment rights. And then I call the FBI and they said they would definitely view this as an act of ethnic intimidation. But then they began to ask me if he had yelled a racial slur to me or anything else and I told him that he had not. And they said once it escalates, call us back, which I thought again, was ridiculous. Do I have to be harmed before anyone would care? I just became discouraged. But I was furious and scared. So I posted on social media, I posted a picture of the flag and did a Facebook post and toldmy friends on Facebook that my neighbor put up a Klan flag in the window. And people started to comment like crazy and people were really upset. He took the flag down. And I knew the bigger picture. Yes, it was down, but we needed to address why he felt so comfortable. Why anybody would own a Klan flag in2021?

It strikes me because despite having your neighbors and the community rally behind you on this issue, we did see that recently Kym Worthy, the Wayne County Prosecutor,stating that she wouldnt proceed with prosecuting this case, that it didnt meet the threshold of the ethnic intimidation statute here in Michigan. Im wondering what you felt when you heard thatnews.

I was really upset that he wouldnt be prosecuted. But of course, I understood because the prosecutors office was very forthcoming. They said, Ms. Dinges, its going to be tough for us to prove all these elements because he did not threaten you, he did not call you a slur,he did not put up a sign that says Im going to kill you. He didnt do any of that stuff. They felt like three elements had been met. And this fourth element had notbeen.

To be clear, that fourth elementwas?

Contact.If he had put the Klan black flag on my property, that would have been contact. If he had defaced my property or damaged my car or flattened a tire or something like thatoryelled a threat at me or yelled a racial slur to me, that would have beencontact.

Whats really stickingwith me hearing about this story is these distinctions between free speech and what constitutes a threat.And Im wondering if you were writing a law to address this kind of issue,what do you think needs to be included in thefuture?

I think the law needs to be amended because when this law was written, everybody wasnt walking around with a cell phone. Everybody wasnt walking around with a camera in their pocket. So there may be pieces of that that need to be included. Or text messages exchanged orwas there electronic communication because we need to look at ensuring that this law has teeth so that people can be held accountable. A Klu Klux Klan flag my ex-husband is Caucasian. That flag was not put there to terrorize him. It was there to terrorize me because I am a Black person. It was there to terrorize my daughter because shes a Black person. He was not putting it in the front of his house where any person driving by would see it. It was put there to terrorize me and mydaughter.

You had mentioned that since living in Grosse Pointe Park, while you hadnt necessarily experienced overt racism to this degree, there has been a history of microaggressions or racially-tinged incidents, or howeveryou might phrase it. What would you like to see happen more local toyou?

We have to have a diverse police department. When the police department came out for the gasoline incident, if there had been someone Blackworking in that police department, even as an administrative assistant, maybe they could have impartedsome wisdom and maybe some historical significance around a Black person finding gasoline on their property that they did not place there and then four weeks later, finding a Klan flag, because those two things go together. There has to be diversity in thiscommunity.

Related:What an 1870 Race Riot Tells Us About White Supremacy inAmericaToday

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Posted By admin on March 9, 2021

As Deni Avdija and the Washington Wizards mark the halfway point of the season and celebrate his selection to the 2020-21 NBA Rising Stars World Team roster, 21-year-old Wizards super-fan Matan Karudo could not be happier. For Karudo, Avdija is a source of Jewish and Israeli pride; more than that, Avdija has even helped created special family bonding time in the Karudo household.

The resident of Long Island, N.Y., first learned about the 20-year-old Israeli basketball standout about a year ago. It all really started when I was looking at Tankathon: The Draft Lotto Website and I saw Israel on the board. This excited me, and I have been watching and learning anything I can about him.

Karudos excitement continued when he learned there was a decent chance that Avdija would be drafted to an NBA team during Nov. 18 NBA draft.

Fast-forward to draft night: I am sweating at the screen seeing the picks get close to Deni. I am sure you remember we all thought Deni was going to go earlyearly enough for the Knicks to miss the chance to get himbut as a New Yorker, I was gripping onto the slight chance that he will get to the Knicks. As we saw, we had a shocking draft where Deni dropped, and my excitement went up and up.

When the Knicks were up, he continued, I was pacing the room. This could be it! Deni in my home!! The Knicks foolishly chose Obi Toppin, but we were blessed to get picked by the Washington Wizards. Being relieved that he didnt go to the Cavs, my whole Israeli and Jewish friends and family went and ordered the first jersey we could. Thats it; we made aliyah to the Washington Wizards!

Karudo celebrated the three-and-a-half-month anniversary of his aliyah to Washington by wearing his Avdija jersey and cheering on the Wizards as they defeated the Los Angeles Clipper 119-117 in dramatic fashion on March 4 at Capital One Arena in the teams first-half finalean evening that just happened to coincide with Jewish Heritage Night.

Washington won the contest 119-117.

The virtual Jewish Heritage Night hosted by the Washington Wizards.

The back-and-forth affair came down to the final seconds. With seven seconds in the game, Rui Hachimura, who joins Avdija on the Rising Stars World Team, put the Wizards up by two after making the first of two free throws. After missing the second shot, Paul Westbrook shot in from the baseline to deflect the ball toward Bradley Beal, who sealed the win the for the Wizards. Beal scored a game-high 33 points while Russell Westbrook totaled 27 points, nine rebounds and 11 assists. Avdija saw 25 minutes of playing time, scored four points, one block, one steal and seven rebounds.

Kawhi Leonard scored 22 points for the Clippers, while All-Star teammate Paul George did not play due to dizziness. The Wizards are now 1 and 1 versus the Clippers this season, and snapped a two-game losing streak.

While fans are still not permitted in person in the arena, excitement for Deni and the Wizards was palpable and pervasive. More than 17,000 tuned in to the game on Wizards Virtual Gameday, presented by NBCSW. One fan featured prominently on screen throughout the game dancing and cheering was Karudo!

Prior to the game, Avdija addressed fans in both Hebrew and in perfect English, as video messagesfrom the Israeli embassy,former NBA player Omri Casspi and players from the Maccabi Tel Aviv basketball cluband National Team were displayed throughout the game.

Then, in the March 7 NBA All-Star Game in Atlanta, Team LeBron cruised to a170-150 victoryover Team Durant.Avdijas Wizards teammate, Bradley Beal,led Team Durant in scoring with 26 points.TheNBAschedulewill resumeon March 10aftertheAll-Star break.

Prior to the game, Israeli artist Kobi Aflalo sang the National Anthem of the United States, and fans were treated to video tributes to Avdija by such Israeli basketball players as Yam Madar and Omri Casspi. Madar, who plays for the Hapoel Tel Aviv basketball club of the Israeli Basketball Premier League, was drafted by the Boston Celtics in the 2020 NBA draft and is affectionately referred to as a draft-and-stash prospect. He will likely be a guard with the Celtics next season.

Throughout the game, fans were treated to Avdija sharing Get to Know Deni facts (he enjoys soccer and golf, and plays piano, as well as enjoys the Netflix show Fauda).

Avdija says he is excited to play against all of the players he watched growing up and isnt modeling his game after any one player. I just want to be Deni, have my own game. I am going to work hard, and hopefully, one day a kid who is growing up will say, I want to be like Deni!

Israels Ambassador to the United States Gilad Erdan spoke to the crowd about being united and working together. He noted that teamwork always wins and said to Avdija that seeing you on court representing Israel is heartwarming.

The Washington Wizards, and the Jewish and Israeli community, continue to take great pride in Avdija. And the team is expanding its footprint in Israel. In addition to the NBAs first Israeli Instagram account, the Wizards have a team website in Hebrew and were the first to launch an Israeli Twitter account.

As for Karudo, hes all smiles.

Being a Deni fan is something amazing. First, the Washington Wizards Organization is so supportive and truly makes Deni one of their own watching the NBA for a while now, the players have always felt distant. Deni, however, feels personal; hes one of us, he Karudo.

For the first time, my Israeli parents want to watch games with me. Deni is a twinkle in Israels eyes. The whole country is cheering him on overseas. This also extends to Jews. I am so proud of him. In Hebrew theres a word that sums it up perfectly. . Deni makes me so proud!

The post On and off the court, Israels NBA star is making the grade appeared first on JNS.org.

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Posted By admin on March 9, 2021

Large parts of the roof of a centuries-old crumbling former synagogue in Ukraine have collapsed.

The latest damage to what remains of the Great Synagogue of Brody, an 18th-century house of worship near Lviv, in western Ukraine, was observed this month. It follows an earlier implosion from 2006, Jewish.ru reported Wednesday.

The building is listed as a monument but authorities in Ukraine, one of Europes poorest countries, have not taken action to salvage the dilapidated structure for years. Ukraine has hundreds of former synagogues, some of them as old as the Brody one, in various states of disrepair.

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The Turei Zahav Jewish Community, an organisation that helps revive Jewish life and heritage in Western Ukraine, has warned repeatedly in recent years that inaction on the synagogue would lead to its disappearance.

At the moment, the synagogue continues to collapse, and if no changes take place in the near future, we will once again lose one of the most unique monuments of sacred architecture in Ukraine, the group said on its website.

The synagogue was severely damaged during World War II, and the southern and northern outbuildings were lost. During the war, German troops tried to blow up the building but failed, according to Turei Zahav.

The synagogue was nationalised during communism and used as a warehouse. After Ukraines independence in 1991, internal scaffolding was installed to slow down the buildings collapse.

Brody had many thousands of Jews before the Holocaust; most were murdered. No Jews live there today.

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Posted By admin on March 9, 2021

WILL SELFon what to do when confronted by racism.

"You know,"said Annette, a woman from Cote dIvoire with whom Ive struck up an acquaintance while queuing for the post office, "some people say Hitler had the right idea."I shook my head, as if to dispel this meshegas, while nevertheless continuing the conversation: "What makes you say that?"

"Well, the Jews now own all the media and the money, yeah so Hitler, he was only getting a sort of head-start."

Holocaust denial is something you might expect to find anywhere, including south London but Holocaust support? The mind did indeed boggle. "You do realise, Annette,"I said emphatically, "that Im of Jewish heritage."But whether she realised it or not was impossible to say, because at that moment the queue moved and Annette disappeared inside the post office.

Weve encountered each other since, and neither of us has raised the matter again, simply reverted to the sort of chitchat about work and family that had filled our wait times formerly is this, I wonder, a form of cowardice on my part, or worse racism? Am I unwilling to confront Annette over her anti-Semitism because shes black? If so, arent I like those people who worked for the authorities in Rotherham and didn't do enough to tacklea paedophile ring because the perpetrators were of Asian heritage? Racism may be inverted in this way but it remains racism.

Which is not to suggest that all racism is monolithic: years ago I had a job with the magazine publisher responsible for The Grocer; which in that pre-internet era was the essential source for wholesale grocery prices, so subscribed to by every shopkeeper in this nation of them. My job was to pitch for publishing contracts and then fulfil them we did an employee magazine for Safeway, at that time a burgeoning supermarket chain, so it seemed only logical to pitch to Tescos. My boss took a different view: "Oh, you dont want to be bothering with them, Will,"he said when I asked him if he had any contacts at the Tesco head office: "Theyre all yids."

I wasnt that shocked by his casual racism this was the 1980s, and you heard a lot of this sort of thing if you passed as a gentile; the question was how you reacted. Sometimes I would push back but on this occasion, what with him being my boss, I let it slide. But I wonder which episode makes me feel more ashamed, now?

On balance it remains the one with my boss at the magazine publishers known as a sharp-tongued and feisty fellow, he shouldve got as good as hed given. He was also an establishment figure: sitting on government committees, and eventually awarded an OBE. More damning still: he knew whereof he denigrated because at that time Jews remained prominent in the food industry; while as a native Londoner hed also grown up among them. Or us the object pronoun employed depending on quite how Jewish I feel on any given day.

By contrast, I dont imagine Annette encountered many Jews growing up in Cote dIvoire. Hers seems to me a racism born of ignorance rather than bigotry. I may well be wrong about this and arguably even this hypothesis may be a function of my own ignorance, or prejudice. But there seemed nothing rancorous in Annettes outrageous statement rather it came from the same place as others: "Where I come from, if a man is a sex pest a rapist or a molester the women would gather round him, pour petrol on him and set him on fire!"

Theres this, um flamboyance on Annettes part, and theres also her occupation: a healthcare assistant, shes worked throughout the pandemic only receiving her first vaccine dose a month ago. During one of our first chats she informed me with great pride that she was one of the few HCAs in her team qualified to work with C5 patients: those with damage to the spine that renders them paralysed in all four limbs. Im not saying that communicating about food through the media is a wholly unworthy occupation, and nor do I mean to imply that being good in one area of your life absolves you from being bad in others its rather that for prejudices to really foment and become genocidal bigotry they have to be catalysed by power.

Its a suppressed premise of bleeding-heart white liberalism that theres no inter-communal prejudice among BAME people in Britain. In my experience theres quite as much as there is in the majority community its just that healthcare assistants, nurses, bus drivers and those corner shop owners who used to read The Grocer, but now subscribe to Asian Trader lack the power to stop and search people merely because they suspect they mayve committed a crime.

What do you think? Have your say on this and more by emailing letters@theneweuropean.co.uk

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Posted By admin on March 9, 2021

Can one write a humorous book that grapples with the Holocaust? Gary Barwin has the chutzpah to pull it off, for the most part, in his second novel. Readers who enjoyed the verbal pyrotechnics and exuberant scenarios in Barwins 2016 novel Yiddish for Pirates shortlisted for both the Scotiabank Giller Prize and a Governor Generals Literary Award and longlisted for this years Canada Reads competition will not be disappointed.

The story opens in 1941 and centres on the narrators grandfather Motl: a Jewish cowpoke, Brisket boy, and 45-year-old nebbish who lives with his mama. Motl fantasizes about being a macho cowboy, riding the dusty range beside purple sage, a gunslinger capable of taking on the Nazi threat.

He flees Vilnius, Lithuania, as friends and neighbours are murdered around him, and he is separated from his mother and sister, uncertain whether they are dead or alive. Motl launches a Don Quixotelike quest, accompanied by his horse, Theodor Herzl (named after the father of the State of Israel). Their mission: to rescue relatives and keep the Jewish family line alive through procreation. In this time of murder and loss, to make new life would be to make life new. However, theres a catch: his testicles were cleanly shot off in the First World War, lost in a glacier in the Swiss Alps. As luck would have it, they froze, awaiting a seminal reunion.

He meets and falls in love with Esther, a Jewish woman who has lost her family, and the two travel across Europe and back to the Swiss Alps in a cascade of picaresque adventures and narrow escapes from Himmler, circus performers, double agents, and Indians.

Motl realizes that he identifies more with Indigenous Peoples than with the western cowboys hes always idealized: he draws parallels between the genocide of the Jews and various Indigenous populations. At the conclusion of the story, when Motl, now in his mid-80s, comes to the Wandering Spirit Survival School in Toronto to talk about the Holocaust to Anishinaabe kids, he says, Natives and Jews. Were like a rash. We refuse to die. So, you and me, were genocide buddies. Yet conflating these two peoples and their struggles threatens to blur their individual identities and histories.

Barwin is a talented and prolific artist comfortable moving between vocations poet, childrens book author, composer, and multimedia artist and this novel showcases his signature style and strengths: acrobatic language bursting with puns, rhyme, alliteration and all manner of wordplay, madcap escapades, and a sprinkle of slapstick. However, the breakneck pace of the plot and the avalanche of jokes bury the opportunity for deeper character development. Some readers will be worn out. If Motl and Esther were given space to breathe and the depth they deserve, this novel would have greater emotional impact.

The Holocaust is a living trauma for many and Barwins novel may invoke controversy and raise questions. Does comedy ease the pain of atrocity? Is it necessary to diminish the horror of the Shoah in order to make humour possible? Does the novel make comedy out of the Holocaust?

To Barwins credit, scenes of atrocity are written in a sober style and short staccato sentences, which stand out in sharp relief to the humour: The man raises his club and beats him. With each blow, the assembled crowd cheers. Assistants pile the fallen onto the heap of already dead Jews.

Nothing the Same, Everything Haunted brings to mind the 1997 Italian film La vita bella. In it, Guido, a Jewish waiter, shields his son from the horrors of a Nazi death camp by weaving stories; he uses his greatest gift imagination to comfort his child. Like Barwins novel, the film dared to find humour and tenderness in the Holocaust.

Barwin employs humour, hijinks, and wordplay in a sly commentary on the evils of racial persecution and colonialism. As the narrator muses, How we find ourselves in a particular moment, a triangulation between tragedy, absurdity, and beauty and it feels like weve stumbled on something built into the fabric of the universe. This wildly inventive novel plays by its own rules. In Barwins world, imagination is freedom, and comedy, courage.

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Posted By admin on March 9, 2021

Holocaust denial is a form of antisemitism. The only reason to deny the Holocaust is to inculcate and foster antisemitism. The Holocaust has the dubious distinction of being the best documented genocide in the world, so for anybody to disbelieve, they've got to come to it with some sort of preconceived notion.

Holocaust denial takes different forms, and I divided it into hardcore Holocaust denial and softcore Holocaust denial. Hardcore Holocaust denial is the argument made by deniers that there was no planned centralized program of annihilation of the Jews by the Nazis, that this whole idea of eliminating the Jews from the European continent and beyond never happened.

If you would ask them, "Well, why would the Jews make up this myth?" is that they did it for financial gain and to get the sympathy of the world in order to get a state. That in and of itself makes Holocaust denial a form of antisemitism because the rationale they give--to get money and to get a state--are of course at the center of the stereotypes associated with antisemitism.

But softcore denial does not deny the Holocaust. There were people who would say, "Well, of course the Holocaust happened, but was it really six million? Of course the Holocaust happened, but were there really gas chambers?" I think any thoughtful person today knows that that's a ridiculous kind of thing.

First of all for, deniers to be right, who has to be wrong? Well certainly all the survivors. You have the bystanders, but most of all, you have the perpetrators. What they said was, "I didn't do it. I was only following orders." So they had these different excuses, but they never said it didn't happen.

The audience often are antisemites who are looking to have their feelings confirmed or people who might not be overt antisemites but somehow are discomforted with the idea of Jew as victim. This is an attack on society at large. In almost every society where they've gone after Jews first, they've gone after other people after that. Prejudice has to be fought and amongst those prejudices, antisemitism has to be fought.

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Posted By admin on March 9, 2021

A counterprotester gives a Nazi salute at a Black Lives Matter event in Milwaukee. Screenshot from a March 3 presentation by Milwaukee Jewish Federation.

Recent national events are now part of history: The man storming the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6 wearing a Camp Auschwitz shirt. The chants of Jews will not replace us in Charlottesville, Virginia, in 2019. U.S. Congress member Marjorie Taylor Green and her Jewish space laser theory.

Closer to home, incidents of antisemitism are on the rise, including social media attacks on two Jewish members of the Wisconsin Supreme Court.

According to an annual audit released March 3 by the Jewish Community Relations Council (JCRC) and the Milwaukee Jewish Federation, Wisconsinites experienced 99 incidents of antisemitism in 2020, a 36% increase from the year before; the group says these are reports that are verified and corroborated.

We are seeing a significant increase in overt antisemitic expression laden with conspiracy

theories and hate group rhetoric, said Brian Schupper, chair of the JCRC in a statement. The audit helps us discuss these worrisome trends with our community partners and understand where we need to focus our efforts.

Several of the troubling incidents involved Nazi imagery, including reports of people doing the Nazi sieg heil salute at a Republican Party of Milwaukee Protect the Vote Rally on Nov. 7, and a posting on Aug. 26 from a Kenosha middle school teacher posing in front of a swastika, writing, Glad they finally got rid of 2 terrorists in Kenosha [referring to Kyle Rittenhouses victims]. Now get rid of the rest.

It appears most Wisconsin legislators, regardless of party affiliation, believe one way to counter the spread of hate is through education. On Friday, the Senate Committee on Education passed a bill that would mandate Holocaust education by inserting it into the states social studies standards, requiring instruction on the Holocaust and other genocides in grades 5 through 12.

The bill, authored by two Republicans and one Democrat, has more than 40 bipartisan sponsors. It is aimed at countering a lack of knowledge among younger generations about this chapter in history. Recent surveys reveal a shocking learning gap regarding the Holocaust, the event that extinguished the lives of 6 million Jews in addition to Roma (gypsies), gay men, people with disabilities, ethic Poles and Soviet civilians during World War II.

According to a national survey released by Claims Conference, 58% of people surveyed believed something like the Holocaust could happen again. Forty-nine percent of millennials surveyed could not name one of the 40,000 ghettos or camps where Jews were slaughtered. And 22% of those did not know about the Holocaust at all.

I can remember interviewing Holocaust survivors when I was a teenager as part of a

youth group project to preserve their stories. While they shared survival stories that were nothing short of heroic, their stories were also those of tragic loss, Rep. Subeck (D-Madison), one of the bills authors and one of Wisconsins three Jewish legislators, said in a statement. Unfortunately, todays children will likely never meet a Holocaust survivor. While they will not have a chance, as I did, to listen to their firsthand stories, it is incumbent upon us to make sure this history is never repeated.

Sen. Alberta Darling (R-River Hills ), another author of the bill, became a champion of Holocaust education after a visit to Auschwitz in Germany. At the Feb. 23 meeting of the Senate Education Committee that she chairs, Darling and several other co-sponsors spoke with passion about the need for such a measure. She said this history helps us learn and become sensitive to mans inhumanity to man, and to learn from that experience, so that experience of inhumanity isnt repeated again.

Darling and the other members of a delegation saw a film before their tour of the camp. The film was about people getting on the train, who are going to go to concentration camps, Darling said. It hurt the heart so much to see families going on this train, knowing what was going to happen to them. And I was very struck by one particular image of a mom holding the hand of her child . and then youd see these shoes of children who had been exterminated. And seeing these little shoes really, really bothered me. So this just moved me to the point that I thought if I ever have the opportunity, Im going to work on making sure that people understand what happened there.

Darling believes the bill could help address the knowledge gap. My concern was that if we dont have people understand what happened there, I imagined this atrocity could happen again. What happened with the Holocaust is that Hitler decided he needed a scapegoat because the economy was so bad. So he chose the Jewish population to be the scapegoat.

Nancy Kennedy Barnett, spoke at the hearing as a representative of the Nathan and Esther Pelz Holocaust Education Resource Center (HERC). The center has a speakers bureau that presents educational programs around the state. If the bill passes, it will provide support and curriculum to educators.

I am the child of a Holocaust survivor from Budapest Hungary, and Im a second generation speaker teaching my fathers story of survival, Barnett said. We have lost witnesses to this horrific time in history, but the lessons and messages cannot be forgotten. When I teach, I dont only speak about the atrocities of the past; I use it as a lens to illustrate what can happen when hatred and bullying is left unchecked.

Barnett recalled an incident that happened in one of classrooms where she taught in Hartland, Wis., after a group of 8th graders had visited the Illinois Holocaust Museum in Skokie, Ill. After I had spent about an hour with them telling my fathers story, an eighth grade girl raised her hand and, clearly troubled, said to me, I was talking to my mom last night, and my mom says that she has a friend that said the Holocaust never happened.

Barnett said students need help separating fact from fiction, and can apply lessons from Holocaust studies to other incidences of hate and discrimination. Students must understand the consequences of hate. They must not be bystanders, she continued. They can be an upstander instead, by being someone who gets involved. They can be proactive and have the courage to speak up and care, but they must know the truth. Holocaust education teaches an understanding of the ramifications of prejudice, racism and stereotyping, and an examination of what it means to be a responsible and respectful person.

Many members of the committee appeared moved by the virtual testimonial of Eva Zaret, a Holocaust survivor from Budapest, Hungary, who came to the U.S. when she was 20. Zaret, who is Jewish, lost most of her family in the camps, and has devoted her later years to teaching about the Holocaust in middle schools, high schools and colleges.

I get such a response from the children, said Zaret. They are waiting to hug me and sometimes that takes an hour and a half after I speak, and they cry and they want to learn. I feel that this is the most important thing we can do as human beings is teach our

children.

Holding up a photograph of her parents, she talked about attending first grade at age 6. After my father was taken, my friends didnt want to speak to us. All of a sudden, I realized that we were different than my friends. They told me I killed Christ and cannot talk to me, she recalled.

Zaret said she will never forget the hate, violence and horrors she witnessed. I escaped from Vienna to come to the United States, she continued. And this is my beloved country. I want people to learn about the Holocaust and atrocities, because its not just the 6 million Jews who were killed. How about the other millions of people who stood by or did nothing or hated us just for being Jewish? I will do anything possible to help while Im alive.

Mark Miller, chair of the board at HERC, tells Wisconsin Examiner he is extremely encouraged by the bipartisan support for the the Holocaust Education Bill, which passed the Assembly in early 2020 before COVID-19 derailed everything, including pending legislation. He says the universal support for the measure speaks volumes.

Miller says the generation of Holocaust survivors is dying, so it is up to the next generation to carry on the knowledge. It was one of the most horrible events ever in the history of mankind, he says. And it will translate to other injustices also; it gives young people a perspective that they need to have to be better citizens.

In addition to teaching about what happens when hate goes unchecked, studying resistance can help students understand how to overcome prejudice. And, he adds, education itself is a victory. Clearly, we want to honor the 6 million people that didnt die in vain. This is a way to tell their story. They didnt die in vain. They actually won, and became educators for a better society.

The Holocaust Education Resource Center is setting up a website and will make curriculum available for free, says Miller. Teachers have a lot on their plate. But our commitment here is to provide a resource that everyone can go to, to pull lesson plans, to teach their young people about this, he continues. If you dont want this to happen again, and you see the way society is fraying, and split up, then you have to educate young people because theyre the future.

Miller got involved in HERC because his wifes family survived the Holocaust and he has learned from their stories. If youre a survivor, you live it every day, you talk about it every day, he says. Its how you survive. The weight of the atrocities very few human beings mentally can handle that. And the way you handle that is by talking about it by sharing, by interacting with other people.

This story needs to be told because thats how they win, says Miller. These people didnt die in vain. They are going to become the educators. And that I know up in heaven, that theyre going to have a little smile that they won that Hitler didnt win.

Jonathan Pollack, an instructor in the history department of Madison College and an honorary scholar in UW-Madisons Center for Jewish Studies, tells Wisconsin Examiner he finds the Holocaust Education bill really kind of refreshing. Despite the level of party-based rancor in Wisconsin, he calls it a bipartisan slam-dunk bill, and I feel like we dont see many of those.

Because of the range of opinions in the Jewish community and beyond on the actions of Israel, he was glad to see that the bill avoided the trap of labeling criticism of the Israeli military and the government of Benjamin Netanyahu as antisemitism. It was pretty straightforward, he says of the bill. And there was no weird, hidden agenda in there.

Pollack says incidents like the Baraboo high schoolers photographed in 2018 doing a Nazi salute showed the importance of education. In the aftermath of that, people were saying there ought to be something in Wisconsin that mandates Holocaust education, because they just dont know.

Most of Pollacks classes cover modern U.S. history, including African American and Native American history. In each of these, the subject of genocide comes up, in Native American history, first and foremost, he says. But I certainly avoid Holocaust comparisons. I really like to talk about the differences.

Pollack taught a semester course in Jewish history and found that the Holocaust loomed so large for many Jewish students that they lacked much context for the rest of their history. The story of American Jewish communities and the Holocaust is really complicated and weird because the U.S. didnt officially want to recognize it, and American Jews were too insecure about their own position here to truly speak up a whole lot about it.

Pollack said most of his college students have possessed at least a basic knowledge of the Holocaust and he hasnt experienced Holocaust denial or students believing the Jews caused the Holocaust, another disturbing finding from the Claims Conference study.

However, says Pollack, progress toward racial equity in this country is slow, despite ethnic studies requirements that became part of college curriculums in the 1980s.

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State-mandated standards are certainly a step in the right direction, but not enough to make lasting change. Theres still racism, still institutional racism, and all the ethnic studies in the world isnt going to help especially students of color who dont have the money to pay full tuition, says Pollack. Does this make a difference? Will there be no more Baraboo because theres this line in the state statutes that governs what goes on in Wisconsin schools, that there has to be X amount of time spent on the Holocaust? I doubt it.

If the bill sails through, as expected, it will be interesting to follow the progress of Holocaust education in Wisconsin, says Pollack. His hope is that the Holocaust will be taught as part of a historical context, including important stories of resistance. At the university level people studying the Holocaust began looking at at genocide and looking at the the atrocities and the victims and so forth, and that where recent scholarship has gotten more into the Warsaw ghetto and the various partisan movements around Europe, he says.

Too much focus on atrocities can leave students feeling despair, he adds. Even with Jewish students who came up through Jewish day schools in Chicago and in New York and elsewhere, our modern Jewish history education is just focused on the Holocaust, says Pollack. It was just like looking in a bottomless pit. Theres more to Jewish history than that. Theres more to even the Holocaust than that.

He credits his mentor David Sorkin, a former UW-Madison professor now at Yale, for his ideas on how to teach the Holocaust. He said to teach a class entirely on the Holocaust is to rob it of its context; to carefully understand the Holocaust, you have to look at it in the context of the Jewish experience in Germany and the rest of Europe.

Kiel Majewski, the co-founder of a grassroots truth and reconciliation organization called Together We Remember, was the first executive director of CANDLES Holocaust Museum and Education Center in Terre Haute, Indiana. He shared an office with Auschwitz survivor Eva Kor, who was subject to medical experiments in the camp. An arsonist destroyed the museum in 2003.

We need this education, and it would be most useful if it leads us to address the history of genocide and atrocity in the land now known as the U.S. Majewski says, again citing the Claims Conference study on how many millennials cant name a concentration camp. Compare that to a survey released the same year by Southern Poverty Law Center which found that only 9% of high school seniors in the U.S. 9%! could name slavery as a primary cause of the Civil War. Is it any wonder that in the mainstream we have trouble recognizing structural racism and its longstanding effects?

Majewski believes the Legislatures attempt to bring these stories into classrooms will strengthen the education of young people. The Holocaust is unique, and all genocides are unique in their own right, he says. Looking closer at them reveals both parallels and pitfalls in connecting the dots from past to present and across cultures. We can and should educate students to understand the nuances while appreciating how these moments in history are connected and part of the bigger challenge of bending the arc toward justice for the planet and all of its people.

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Senior Apartments in Wilkes-Barre, PA | B'nai B'rith Senior Apartments in Wilkes-Barre, PA

Discover B'nai B'rith Senior Apartments in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. As the premier senior apartments in Wilkes-Barre, you will enjoy all of the benefits of living in a great location with easy access to transportation, shopping, and entertainment. Our welcoming community offers a fully-stocked library, a beauty salon, and a community room. Our apartments feature individually-controlled heating and air conditioning, upgraded cabinets and floor, and a newly renovated interior. When it comes to getting out and about, B'nai B'rith Senior Apartments is ideally situated with a city bus line at your front door. Our location in the heart of Wilkes-Barre puts you within a half mile radius of physicians' offices, a post office, hospitals (including the VA Hospital), parks, places of worship, city agencies and services, universities, and many other businesses. Our friendly on-site management team invites you to call or stop by today to find out more about B'nai B'rith Senior Apartments in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

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For most Americans, traditional Jewish culture summons up images of Passover seders with steaming bowls of matzah ball soup, black-hatted, pale-skinned Hasidic men, and Yiddish-speaking bubbes (grandmothers) and zeydes (grandfathers). In reality, these snapshots represent only one Jewish ethnic group Ashkenazi of many.

Shared Jewish history, rituals, laws, and values unify an international Jewish community. However, the divergent histories of Jewish communities and their contacts with other cultural influences distinguish Jewish ethnic groups from one another, giving each a unique way of being Jewish. In addition, thanks to intermarriage, conversion and interracial adoptiongrowing numbers of American Jews are of color and have Latino, Asian orAfrican-American ancestry.

Worldwide, Jews from distinct geographic regions vary greatly in their diet, language, dress, and folk customs. Most pre-modern Diaspora communities are categorized into three major ethnic groups (in Hebrew, sometimes called eidot, communities):

Hasidic Jewish women in Manhattan. (Bonnie Natko/Flickr)

The Jewish ethnic identity most readily recognized by North Americans the culture of matzah balls, black-hatted Hasidim, and Yiddish originated in medieval Germany. Although strictly speaking, Ashkenazim refers to Jews of Germany, the term has come to refer more broadly to Jews from Central and Eastern Europe. Jews first reached the interior of Europe by following trade routes along waterways during the eighth and ninth centuries.

Eventually, the vast majority of Ashkenazim relocated to the Polish Commonwealth (todays Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine, and Belarus), where princes welcomed their skilled and educated workforce. The small preexistent Polish Jewish communitys customs were displaced by the Ashkenazic prayer order, customs, and Yiddish language.

Jewish life and learning thrived in northeastern Europe. The yeshiva culture of Poland, Russia, and Lithuania produced a constant stream of new talmudic scholarship. In 18th-century Germany, the Haskalah movement advocated for modernization, introducing the modern denominations and institutions of secular Jewish culture.

Although the first American Jews were Sephardic, today Ashkenazim are the most populous ethnic group in North America. The modern religious denominations developed in Ashkenazic countries, and therefore most North American synagogues use the Ashkenazic liturgy.

Many historical documents recount a large population of Jews in Spain during the early years of the Common Era. Their cultural distinctiveness is characterized in Roman writings as a corrupting influence. Later, with the arrival of Christianity, Jewish legal authorities became worried about assimilation and maintaining Jewish identity. Despite these concerns, by the seventh century Sephardim had flourished, beginning a time known as the Golden Age of Spain.

During this period, Sephardic Jews reached the highest echelons of secular government and the military. Many Jews gained renown in non-Jewish circles as poets, scholars, and physicians. New forms of Hebrew poetry arose, and talmudic and halakhic (Jewish law) study took on great sophistication.

Ladino, the Judeo-Spanish language, unified Jews throughout the peninsula in daily life, ritual, and song. Ladino, a blend of medieval Spanish with significant loan words from Hebrew, Arabic, and Portuguese, had both a formal, literary dialect, and numerous daily, spoken dialects which evolved during the immigrations of Sephardic Jews to new lands.

The Sephardic Golden Age ended when Christian princes consolidated their kingdoms and reestablished Christian rule throughout Spain and Portugal. In 1492, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella expelled all Jews from Spain; soon after, a similar law exiled Jews from Portugal. Sephardic Jews immigrated to Amsterdam, North Africa, and the Middle East.

Others established new communities in the Americas or converted publicly to Christianity, sometimes secretly maintaining a Jewish life. These converts (known in Ladino as conversos and in Hebrew as anusim, forced converts) often maintained their Judaism in secret. In the 21st century, there are still people in both Europe and the Americas who are discovering and reclaiming their Jewish ancestry.

Wherever Sephardic Jews traveled, they brought with them their unique ritual customs, language, arts, and architecture. Sephardic synagogues often retain the influence of Islam in their architecture by favoring geometric, calligraphic, and floral decorative motifs. Although they may align with the Ashkenazic religious denominations (usually Orthodoxy), the denominational identity of Sephardic synagogues is, in most cases, less strong than their ethnic identity.

At home, Ladino songs convey family traditions at the Shabbat table, although Ladino is rapidly disappearing from daily use. Sephardic Jews often maintain unique holiday customs, such as a seder for Rosh Hashanah that includes a series of special foods eaten as omens for a good new year and the eating of rice and legumes (kitniyot)on Passover.

Refugee Jews from Kurdistan in Tehran, 1950. (Magnes Collection of Jewish Art, University of California, Berkeley)

Although often confused with Sephardic Jews (because they share many religious customs), Mizrahi Jews have a separate heritage. Mizrahi (in Hebrew, Eastern or Oriental) Jews come from Middle Eastern ancestry. Their earliest communities date from Late Antiquity, and the oldest and largest of these communities were in modern Iraq (Babylonia), Iran (Persia), and Yemen.

Today, most Mizrahi Jews live either in Israel or the United States. In their new homes, Mizrahi Jews are more likely than other Jews to maintain particularly strong ties with others from their familys nation of origin. Thus, it is not uncommon to find a specifically Persian or Bukharan synagogue. Likewise, Mizrahi Jews are not united by a single Jewish language; each subgroup spoke its own tongue.

The unique Mizrahi culture has penetrated Israeli mainstream society in recent years. Yemenite music entered the pop scene with Ofra Haza, who blended traditional instruments, rhythms, and lyrics with modern flair. Yemenite silversmiths create sacred objects used by Jews of all backgrounds. Mizrahi restaurants where large platters of skewered meat and breads and bowl upon bowl of salads and condiments are shared by a group have become fashionable gathering places in Israel.

Despite these trends, Jewish ethnic barriers remain strong. In Israel, Ashkenazic Jews still dominate leadership roles in public institutions. For much of Israels history, Sephardic and Mizrahi Jews were disproportionately underrepresented in the government. Yet now, they make up more than half of the population.

An Ethiopian Jewish family shortly after arriving in Israel in 2009. (Jewish Agency for Israel/Flickr)

A Jewish community in EthiopiatheBeta Israel(House of Israel)has existed for at least 15 centuries.

Because of low literacy levels, a tendency to rely on oral traditions and nomadic lifestyles among most Ethiopians prior to the 20th century, historic material about this community is scant and unreliable.

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, tens of thousands of Ethiopian Jews emigrated to Israel, leaving behind a very small community. Learn more about Ethiopian Israelis here.

Many Jews today live a multi-layered Jewish existence. Some Ethiopian Jews attend Hasidic yeshivas, and some Sephardic Jews enjoy matzah ball soup at their Passover seders. Jews from all backgrounds often borrow each others cultural traditions. Many populous Jewish communities have a diverse range of ethnicities, and that diversity presents itself even within individual families.

Though some of these cultural divides have healed partially due to the increase in marriages among members of different ethnic groups ethnicity is still highly relevant in Israeli society. For example, the public school curriculum over-represents Ashkenazic cultural achievements and history. At least one study recently reported that Mizrahi Jews are still half as likely to attend universities as Ashkenazi Jews.

Massive economic disparities exist among different communities, since Mizrahi immigrants frequently were brought to Israel by emergency airlifts, arriving with minimal property or wealth. Partially as a way to combat these discrepancies, Israeli political parties are often formed along ethnic lines, such as Shas (Sephardic), Agudas Israel (Ashkenazic), and Atid Ehad (Ethiopian Jews).

Some Jews protect their ethnic identity in other ways. Religious Jews will follow the customsof their ancestors in both their homes and synagogues. Others consciously study their traditional Jewish language, whether Yiddish, Ladino, or Farsi (Persian) and join social clubs based on their ethnic heritage. In North America, where secular schools often celebrate multiculturalism, Jewish supplemental and day schools have begun to include Jewish ethnic diversity in their curricula. Indeed Jewish ethnicity becomes a way to trace the course of Jewish history.

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May has been proclaimed by President Obama and United States Congress, Jewish American Heritage Month. Despite years of oppression and persecution, Jews have always risen up to help bring improvement and progress to society. For more than the 350 years, Jews have been making major contributions to the American culture, including arts, science, medicine, sports, business, government and military service.

Escaping religious persecution and ethnic violence and seeking political freedom and economic opportunity, American Jews, over centuries, have held firm in the belief that the United States was "Di Goldene Medina" -- the Golden Country. Those who moved here built houses and gardens, raised families, and launched businesses. They have pursued education to advance their mission to make the world a better place. In every aspect of the country's cultural, spiritual, economic, and civic life, American Jews have stood at the forefront of the struggles for human freedom, equality, and dignity, helping to shine a light of hope to people around the globe.

- Donald J. Trump

The Jewish people's pursuit of freedom brought multitudes to our shores...let us honor their tremendous contributions...And let all of us find inspiration in a story that speaks to the universal human experience, with all of its suffering and all of its salvation.

- Barack Obama

Jewish American Heritage Month [is] to increase tolerance and raise awareness about ...the depth and breadth of contributions of Jews through 350 years of Jewish life in America... through every walk of life is incredibly important.

- George W. Bush

Jewish citizens have contributed their knowledge and skills to every field of endeavor, including education, business, industry, science, and the arts. Their names are permanently etched in America's history books, and the Jewish community's rich heritage and culture pervade all aspects of American society.

- William J. Clinton

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