Talmud Wikipdia
Posted By richards on February 6, 2015
Un article de Wikipdia, l'encyclopdie libre.
Le Talmud (hb.: talmoud, tude) est lun des textes fondamentaux du judasme rabbinique, ne le cdant en importance qu la Bible hbraque, dont il reprsente le versant oral. Il est rdig dans un mlange d'hbreu et d'aramen. Le Talmud est le fondement de la loi juive ou Halakha.
Compos de la Mishna et de la Guemara, il compile les discussions rabbiniques sur lensemble des sujets de la Loi juive, classs en six ordres (shisha sedarim, abrg Sha"s). Abordant les problmes selon sa faon propre, il traite comme en passant dthique, de mythes, de mdecine et dautres questions, et restitue l'interprtation traditionnelle telle qu'elle s'est dveloppe dans les acadmies de Palestine et de Babylonie[1], d'o les deux versions du Talmud, dites Talmud de Jrusalem et Talmud de Babylone.
Sitt cltur, le Talmud a fait lobjet de nombreux commentaires et exgses, les uns tentant den extraire la matire lgale, les autres den poursuivre les discussions en dveloppant sa dimension casuistique, aboutissant de savantes discussions et des interprtations novatrices.
Les pharisiens puis les rabbins, contrairement aux sadducens puis aux karates du Moyen ge, ont toujours affirm l'existence d'une Torah orale transmise de gnration en gnration, de matre lves. Pour le judasme, il n'est pas possible d'appliquer les prceptes bibliques sans passer par l'interprtation que les Sages en ont faite. De plus la Torah crite ordonne d'couter les sages de sa gnration (Parachat Choftim, Dvarim chap.17 versets 8 11).
Cette Torah orale prend son origine avec Mose lui-mme qui, aprs avoir reu les tables de la Loi sur le mont Sina et en avoir ralis plusieurs copies pour les dignitaires, la transmet Josu, qui la transmet son tour ses successeurs spirituels et ainsi de suite jusqu la Grande Assemble, anctre du Sanhdrin[2]. Du point de vue historique et littraire, elle se dveloppe concurremment la littrature apocalyptique, apocryphe ou pseudpigraphique, qui tente de prolonger le message biblique par la lettre, tandis que la Torah orale le fait par lesprit, au moyen dun enseignement exclusivement oral[3].
Aprs la deuxime destruction du Temple, les successeurs des pharisiens, les docteurs de la Loi, portent dsormais le titre de rabbi (littralement mon matre en hbreu) et prennent en main le destin de la nation. Ils crent un judasme sans temple et ouvrent des acadmies Yavn, puis en Galile, afin de se livrer un travail d'interprtation de lcriture suivant des canons d'hermneutique qui s'affinent progressivement et mettent en ordre les traditions transmises.
Lorsque les circonstances politiques agitant la Jude au IIesicle menacent la prennit de cet enseignement, il est dcid de procder la mise par crit de celui-ci. Ces travaux sont consigns dans les recueils dits 'Midrachei Halakha', qui offrent un commentaire des textes lgislatifs du Pentateuque, verset par verset.
On considre gnralement qu'aux alentours du Iersicle, la rdaction de la Mishna est entame, les lois et leurs interprtations tant organises non plus par verset biblique mais par thme. Elle est clture par Rabbi Yehouda Ha-Nassi, aux environs de 200 EC.
Du IIIe au Vesicle, les rabbins (dsormais appels Amoram et non plus Tannam) se donnent pour tche d'lucider les textes de la Mishna, de les commenter, d'en rechercher les sources bibliques et d'en concilier les contradictions apparentes, et cela tant en Palestine qu'en Babylonie. La rdaction du Talmud s'achve aux environs de l'an 500 EC[4].
See the original post here:
- Jewish Encyclopedia : Talmud - JewishEncyclopedia.com [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Talmud - New World Encyclopedia - Info:Main Page - New ... [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 54 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 55 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 52 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 53 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 51 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Rav A. Somekh - Talmud Sanhedrin 15 - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Mizmor Shir Leiom Hashabat - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 50 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 48 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 49 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 47 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- 4 5 Talmud nazi Ovadia Yosef - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Iedid Nefesh - Video [Last Updated On: April 1st, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2014]
- Talmud LALTRO - Video [Last Updated On: April 2nd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 2nd, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Succah page 56 Gemarrah Succot Rabbi Weisblum " - Video [Last Updated On: April 2nd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 2nd, 2014]
- Lejuneranena - Video [Last Updated On: April 2nd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 2nd, 2014]
- Healing bodies and souls: Parashat Metzora (Leviticus 14:1-15:33) [Last Updated On: April 3rd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2014]
- Darwin 666 talmud agenda 28 - Video [Last Updated On: April 3rd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2014]
- Legends of the Talmud - Video [Last Updated On: April 3rd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2014]
- The Jewish Talmud EXPOSED! - Video [Last Updated On: April 3rd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2014]
- Professor Philippa Talmud - Interview - Video [Last Updated On: April 3rd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2014]
- Darwin 666 talmud agenda 21 - Video [Last Updated On: April 3rd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2014]
- Darwin 666 talmud agenda 14 - Video [Last Updated On: April 3rd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2014]
- Darwin 666 talmud agenda 13 - Video [Last Updated On: April 3rd, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2014]
- Rabbanit Iris: Tomer Devorah and Talmud Torah Matches Them All HEBREW 2012 - Video [Last Updated On: April 6th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 6th, 2014]
- The "Other" Talmud - Video [Last Updated On: April 6th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 6th, 2014]
- Koren Talmud Bavli - A Taste of Passover - Video [Last Updated On: April 7th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 7th, 2014]
- The Secret Jewish History of Tax Day [Last Updated On: April 8th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 8th, 2014]
- A Transgender Blessing [Last Updated On: April 9th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 9th, 2014]
- The Secret Jewish History of the Coffee Cup (Starbucks and Otherwise) [Last Updated On: April 10th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 10th, 2014]
- What makes this book different from (most) other books? [Last Updated On: April 10th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 10th, 2014]
- Ensuring the spirit of halachic marriage [Last Updated On: April 10th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 10th, 2014]
- The Talmud - Internet Sacred Text Archive [Last Updated On: April 10th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 10th, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Beitzah Yom Tov page 7 Gemarrah ' - Video [Last Updated On: April 10th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 10th, 2014]
- Blended Learning in Math at Herzliah - Video [Last Updated On: April 11th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 11th, 2014]
- Jewish congregation plans new synogogue off Georgia Avenue -- Gazette.Net [Last Updated On: April 14th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 14th, 2014]
- Jewish congregation plans new synagogue off Georgia Avenue -- Gazette.Net [Last Updated On: April 14th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 14th, 2014]
- Rav A. Somekh - Talmud Sanhedrin 17 - Video [Last Updated On: April 14th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 14th, 2014]
- 5:57 MINUTES - 1 page of the Talmud can be...your ticket to Eternity! - Video [Last Updated On: April 14th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 14th, 2014]
- Ma Nistana, Iraqi traition by KJ Talmud Torah - Video [Last Updated On: April 14th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 14th, 2014]
- The Only Non-Jewish Teacher at the Talmud-Torah in Hamburg - Video [Last Updated On: April 14th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 14th, 2014]
- Warrior Memories: Rally Club a catalyst for Warrior fanbase [Last Updated On: April 16th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 16th, 2014]
- 5 5 talmud nazi Ovadia - Video [Last Updated On: April 16th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 16th, 2014]
- The TALMUD - Video [Last Updated On: April 16th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 16th, 2014]
- Kabbalah Talmud Zionism Evil IMF 2 - Video [Last Updated On: April 16th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 16th, 2014]
- fossili evoluzione talmud agenda - Video [Last Updated On: April 16th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 16th, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Beitzah Yom Tov page 14 Gemarrah Festival " - Video [Last Updated On: April 16th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 16th, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Beitzah Yom Tov page 12 Gemarrah Festival " - Video [Last Updated On: April 16th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 16th, 2014]
- ISLAM imperialism talmud SATANIC MISSION - Video [Last Updated On: April 17th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 17th, 2014]
- Original Talmud - Video [Last Updated On: April 17th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 17th, 2014]
- Pasque di sangue talmud IMF Ariel Toaff 4a cattolicesimo eu - Video [Last Updated On: April 17th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 17th, 2014]
- Daf Yomi Talmud Beitzah Yom Tov page 15 Gemarrah Festival " - Video [Last Updated On: April 17th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 17th, 2014]
- Historical evidence of the crucifixion of the Lord Jesus Christ [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- Fighting for the right to pray [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 38 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 26 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 158 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 60 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 149 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 28 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 102 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 35 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 64 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 65 - Video [Last Updated On: April 18th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 42 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 123 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 133 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 118 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 162 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 55 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 82 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 140 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 88 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 129 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 66 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- Le Talmud:La haine de l'autre - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI 45 - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
- evolution agenda NWO talmud 666 x slavery Unius REI - Video [Last Updated On: April 19th, 2014] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2014]
Comments