Jewish American Heritage Month

Posted By admin on January 11, 2020

A Jewish truck that was attacked by Arab irregulars on the main road to Jerusalem, 1948. Photo: Wikimedia Commons.

This Hebrew month, Tevet, marks the 24th anniversary of the death of Dr. Israel Eldad, Zionist philosopher, confidant of Menachem Begin, and co-leader with Yitzhak Shamir of a 1940s Zionist paramilitary organization that fought against the British army.

Dr. Eldads memoirs of Israels battle for independence, titled The First Tithe, was published in English for the first time in 2008. The book is primarily about Eldads experiences as a leader in the Zionist underground LEHI (the Hebrew acronym for the Fighters for the Freedom of Israel, better known as the Stern Gang or Stern Group), but begins in Europe. The subtitle of the book is Memoirs and Edifying Discourses of the Hebrew War for Freedom.

Eldad originally published this volume of memoirs in Israel in Hebrew in 1950. It went through five editions. The memoir covers the period between 1938 and 1948, and the title is a reference to the 10 years when so many Zionist fighters sacrificed so much for Jewish independence.

The final part of First Tithe contains Eldads penetrating and contrarian look at the early history of the Israel Defense Forces. He covers the failure of the Israeli army to capture Jerusalems Old City in 1948, the decision of the LEHI to disband and integrate into the IDF, and the brutal attack on the Irgun arms ship Altalena by Palmach forces. Eldads account of it is heart wrenching.

January 10, 2020 11:14 am

One of the interesting tales Eldad relates early in the memoir is the story of, when at the Betar World Conference in Warsaw in 1938, he publicly clashed with the great pre-World War II Zionist leader Zeev Jabotinsky during a debate following Menachem Begins proposal to call for an immediate armed revolt against the British Mandate. After leaving Warsaw subsequent to the citys fall to the Nazis, Eldad and his wife shared an apartment with Begin and his wife in Vilna. In his autobiographical book White Nights, Begin recalls playing chess with Eldad when the Soviet NKVD came to arrest him. Here we get Eldads take on the same event.

In 1944, Eldad was seriously hurt while attempting to escape from British custody in Jerusalem. He was finally freed after a dramatic prison break engineered by the LEHI. He was still wearing a cast on his back from the injuries he sustained during his first escape attempt. This story may be as close as First Tithecomes to the recollections of armed actions that the reader may expect to find in an underground army leaders memoir.

A far more important passage in the book is Eldads memories of celebrating the Passover seder in a British prison camp for two consecutive years. The emotions the prisoners felt that as they yearned both for their personal freedom to rejoice at the holiday table with their families and their longing to be free in a strong and independent Jewish state are brought to life. The story of the seders are interwoven with Eldads commentary on the Haggadah and how he related it to Zionist independence in front of both the prisoners and the British jailers as he led the seders.

Zev Golans translation brings Eldads distinctive voice to English successfully. No easy task. The English edition was published by the Tel Aviv-based Jabotinsky Institute and distributed through Geffen. This translation also includes a short biographical sketch of Eldad by Golan. Golan knew Eldad personally and interviewed him many times.

Geula Cohen, the veteran Israeli politician and journalist who passed away last month, had a longtime association with Dr. Eldad. The two worked together on her underground radio station broadcasts for the LEHI. Eldad wrote much of what Cohen delivered on air. Later, they collaborated on Eldads Zionist journal Sullam, created after Israels independence. Sullam was a full-throated critique of Israeli society and the young Jewish states government.

In Cohens book Woman Of Violence (later known as The Voice Of Valor), she wrote, It was Eldad who, in article, essay, and poem, chiseled on walls of stone the gospel of war. And these stones pierced hearts, coursed through veins, and emboldened men to fight.

Cohen was right. Eldad was one of a kind, and First Tithereflects his uniqueness as well as his passion for Zionism and Israel.

Moshe Phillips is national director of Herut North Americas US division and a candidate on the Herut slate in the 2020 World Zionist Congress US elections. Herut is an international movement for Zionist pride and education and is dedicated to the ideals of pre-World War II Zionist leader Zeev Jabotinsky. Heruts website is https://herutna.org/.

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